This quickly leads to a situation where outstanding SYN-ACKs pile up behind each other in a backlog queue. Every SYN packet forces the targeted server to produce a SYN-ACK response and then wait for the appropriate ACK. Once the applications have made their handshake, they're ready to work with each other.Ī SYN attack overwhelms its victim with a flood of TCP SYN packets. That application then replies with a TCP SYN-ACK acknowledgment packet the first program then responds with an ACK (acknowledgment). It's designed to work by starting an application session by sending a TCP SYN (synchronization) packet to another program. SYN works by taking advantage of the protocol handshake between two Internet applications. If your systems are up-to-date, or if you have a firewall that blocks Teardrop packets, you shouldn't have any trouble.Īnother oldie but badie DDoS attach method is the SYN attack. If your server or router can't disregard these fragments and attempts to reassemble them, your box will go castors up quickly. When a Teardrop attack hits, your server is bombarded with IP fragments that have overlapping offset fields. With this information, an ordinary broken packet is reassembled at its destination and network continues uninterrupted. Each of these still has the original IP packet's header, as well as an offset field that identifies which bytes of the original packet it contains. On their way from hither to yon on the Internet, an IP packet may be broken up into smaller pieces.

Just because it's still running after all these years doesn't mean that it's safe.Īnother attack that relies on poor TCP/IP implementation is Teardrop, which exploits defects in the way systems reassemble IP packet fragments. The moral of the story is that you should always update your network equipment and software. All modern operating systems and stacks should be immune to the Ping of Death attack, but every now and again I find someone running something that can still be smacked around by the Ping of Death.

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